io.github.itcustomsolution/approval-gate-mcp

approval-gate-mcp

An MCP server that makes your AI agent stop and ask a human before it sends, deletes, publishes, pays or deploys.

Why

Agents are good at doing things. The hard part is making sure the consequential things (sending an email, deleting data, publishing, spending money) only happen when a human said yes. This server is that gate, extracted from a system I have run in production for years: after an automation incident taught me the lesson the hard way, my standing rule became no automated destructive action without a human gate, ever. This is the generic, reusable version of that rule.

30-second quickstart

claude mcp add approval-gate -- npx -y @itcustomsolution/approval-gate-mcp

Claude Desktop (claude_desktop_config.json):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "approval-gate": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@itcustomsolution/approval-gate-mcp"]
    }
  }
}

Approve or deny from your terminal with npx -p @itcustomsolution/approval-gate-mcp approval-gate list.

Example

1. Your agent wants to email a customer. It calls request_approval with action: "send email to alice@example.com, subject: Invoice 1042" and gets back id a1b2c3d4e5f6.
2. It calls wait_for_approval. Nothing is sent.
3. In your own terminal: approval-gate list, then approval-gate approve a1b2c3d4e5f6 looks right.
4. The agent sees approved, calls consume_approval with the same id and the exact same action text (single use), and only then sends. Had you denied, ignored it, or let it expire, the answer is no.
5. ~/.approval-gate/audit.jsonl now has the request and your decision.

Design principles

• Fail closed. The only thing that authorizes an action is an explicit approved. Pending, denied, expired, timeout, error: all of those mean no.
• The gate never executes anything. It records intent and decisions. Your agent asks first, then acts only on approval. Separation of decision and execution keeps the gate simple and auditable.
• Decisions are out-of-band. A human approves or denies with a CLI in their own terminal, not inside the agent's context. The MCP tools cannot approve. The CLI asks for an interactive terminal and a re-typed confirmation, which is a speed bump, not authentication: anything running as your OS user (a shell, a PTY, or file access) can still get past it. See Threat model.
• Only consume_approval authorizes. status: "approved" is informational. Status responses carry authorizesExecution: false and an effectiveStatus (approved_unconsumed, approved_expired, consumed, revoked, ...). Your trusted execution boundary must check a consume result (assertConsumed(result, id, action) from the library) right before acting.
• Everything is audited. Every request, decision, expiry, and consumption is appended to ~/.approval-gate/audit.jsonl (an append-only convention, not a tamper-proof log).
• Requests expire. Default TTL is 1 hour; a stale approval is not an approval.
• Approvals are single-use and bound to the action. consume_approval succeeds once, only for the exact action text that was approved, and only before the request's expiry.

Install

From npm:

npm install -g @itcustomsolution/approval-gate-mcp   # installs `approval-gate` and `approval-gate-mcp`

From source:

npm install
npm run build
npm link        # makes `approval-gate` and `approval-gate-mcp` available on PATH

Wire it into an MCP client

Claude Code:

claude mcp add approval-gate -- node /path/to/approval-gate-mcp/dist/index.js

Or in any MCP client config:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "approval-gate": {
      "command": "node",
      "args": ["/path/to/approval-gate-mcp/dist/index.js"]
    }
  }
}

Tools

Tool	Purpose
request_approval	Register an intended action (action, reason, optional ttl_seconds). Returns an id.
check_approval	Poll a request's status: pending / approved / denied / expired.
wait_for_approval	Block up to timeout_seconds for a decision. Timeout = still pending = not approved.
list_pending	List requests awaiting a human.
consume_approval	Call right before acting. Succeeds once, only if approved, unexpired, and action matches the approved text exactly. Anything else: do not proceed.
decide_approval	Deny a pending request, or revoke an approved one that has not been consumed. Approving through MCP is refused by default, so an agent cannot approve its own request; approvals come from the CLI. Operators can opt in with APPROVAL_GATE_ALLOW_MCP_APPROVE=1 (not recommended).

The human side

approval-gate list                # pending requests
approval-gate show a1b2c3d4e5f6
approval-gate approve a1b2c3d4e5f6 looks right, ship it
approval-gate deny a1b2c3d4e5f6 wrong recipient
approval-gate revoke a1b2c3d4e5f6 changed my mind   # approved but not yet consumed

Suggested agent policy

Put something like this in your agent's system prompt or policy file:

Before any outbound or destructive action (send, publish, delete, purchase, deploy), call request_approval and then wait_for_approval. When it returns approved, call consume_approval with the same id and exact action text, and proceed only if it returns ok: true. Never call decide_approval for your own requests.

State

Everything lives in ~/.approval-gate/ (override with APPROVAL_GATE_DIR): requests/*.json for current state, requests/*.final / *.used one-time decision and consumption markers, and audit.jsonl for the history. The directory is created 0700 and files 0600.

Threat model

What the gate does protect against:

• An agent that can only reach this server over MCP approving its own request (MCP cannot approve).
• An agent driving the CLI from a non-interactive shell (approve requires a TTY plus a typed confirmation).
• Reusing one approval for a second or different action (consume_approval is single-use and action-bound).
• Using an approval after the request's expiry, races between approve/deny/expiry, guessed ids (128-bit random), malformed or hand-edited state files without a matching decision record, and terminal escape sequences in request text that try to disguise what you are approving.

What it does not protect against:

• Trust limitation, not a bug that has been fixed: an agent with a shell, a PTY, or file access as your OS user. It can drive a pseudo-terminal, edit ~/.approval-gate/, or simply skip the gate and perform the action. The gate is a cooperation protocol plus an audit trail, not a sandbox. For hard enforcement, run the agent as a separate OS user (or in a container) that cannot read or write the gate directory, and keep the gate's CLI for yourself.
• The actual payload. consume_approval matches the action text. It cannot prove that the email, SQL, or deploy the agent then runs equals what you read. That binding is cooperative. See docs/design-trusted-executor.md for an enforced design (proposal only).
• Unattended, consequential use. Without OS-level separation (see above), do not treat this gate as the only control for unattended agents doing irreversible things. Keep those paths fail-closed, with no automatic execution.
• An agent that never calls the gate. Enforcement of asking is up to your agent's policy and tooling.
• Tampering with audit.jsonl by anyone with write access to it.

Setting APPROVAL_GATE_ALLOW_MCP_APPROVE=1 re-enables approval over MCP and removes the main protection. Only use it when a human is the only one driving the MCP client.

State transitions, revocation, and crash behavior are specified in docs/authorization-states.md. approval-gate revoke <id> (or deny on an approved request) cancels an approval that has not been consumed yet.

Why so small?

Because the pattern matters more than the plumbing. In my production systems this same shape (request, out-of-band human decision, fail-closed default, audit trail) sits in front of email, publishing, and deployments, and it has removed entire classes of automation incidents. Start small, gate the scary things, and let your incident postmortems tell you what to gate next.

Contributing

Issues and pull requests are welcome. Keep changes small and fail-closed: anything that could turn a "no" into a "yes" needs a test. Run npm test before opening a PR. See CHANGELOG.md for release history.

License

MIT, see LICENSE.

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Built by Olufela "Lu" Fagbure · itcustomsolution.com · MIT license